Sadrian Metaphysics

“ A quiddity does not come into existence unless brought into existence by the cause. Its being brought into existence by the cause depends on the quiddity’s existence becoming necessary, which again depends on its being necessitated by the cause. From what was said earlier, it becomes clear that the cause’s making its existence necessary depends on the quiddity’s need for it and the quiddity’s need for it depends on its contingency. For were it not contingent, and were it necessary or impossible, of necessity it would not need any cause. Hence its need depends necessarily on its contingency ” [ Bidaya ,IV,VIII] From the viewpoint of the Philosophers, the criterion for being an effect معلول and hence being dependent on a cause علت is not temporal origination حدوث زمانی but essential-contingency امکان ذاتی; therefore it is by no means necessary for an existent موجود to come into existence from a prior non-existence عدم in order to be an effect and hence depend upon a cause; accor

The Argument from Origination برهان حدوث is one of the most commonly utilized arguments by the Theologians متکلمین in their efforts to prove that the universe عالم is not without a Creator خالق or a Cause; the argument is based on an assumption that the universe is temporally originated حادث زمانی, which means that it has come into existence وجود from a prior non-existence عدم; now the fact that the universe did not previously exist is sufficient proof that existence is not necessary واجب for its essence ماھیت; because had existence been necessary for its essence, so it would have never been non-existent معدوم to begin with; and everything that exists without being necessary in itself واجب بالذات, must be necessary through another واجب بالغیر; and that which is necessary through another is essentially contingent or possible ممکن بالذات, and consequently in need of a cause علت; this is how the Theists seek to establish the existence of God. Firstly, this argument is only vali